Raspberry Pi umphakeli | I-Industrial Raspberry Pi

Incazelo emfushane:

I-Raspberry Pi iyikhompyutha encane elingana nekhadi lesikweletu, eklanywe futhi yathuthukiswa yi-Raspberry Pi Foundation yase-United Kingdom ukuze ithuthukise imfundo yekhompyutha, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni, ukuze abafundi bafunde ukuhlela kanye nolwazi lwekhompyutha ngokuzijwayeza ngezandla. . Naphezu kokuba ekuqaleni yabekwa njengethuluzi lokufundisa, i-Raspberry PI yanqoba ngokushesha abathandi bekhompiyutha, abathuthukisi, abathanda ukuzenzela kanye nabasunguli bomhlaba wonke ngenxa yezinga layo eliphezulu lokuguquguquka, intengo ephansi kanye nesethi yesici esinamandla.

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Omaka bomkhiqizo

Iyini i-Raspberry PI?

I-Raspberry PI inikwa amandla uhlelo lokusebenza olusekelwe ku-Linux, kodwa futhi inamandla okusebenza Windows 10 I-IoT Core, inguqulo ye-Windows yamadivayisi ashumekiwe. Ine-CPU, i-GPU, i-RAM, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB, isixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi, okukhiphayo kwe-HDMI, njll., ingaphatha ividiyo, umsindo neminye imisebenzi yemidiya, kodwa futhi ingaxhuma izinzwa ezihlukahlukene nama-actuator, amaphrojekthi we-inthanethi Yezinto, ukukhiqizwa kwamarobhothi, imidiya. ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo, ukwakhiwa kweseva nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ngokuphindwaphindwa kwezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene (isb. I-Raspberry PI 1, 2, 3, 4, njll.), ukusebenza kwe-Raspberry PI kuye kwaqhubeka nokuba ngcono ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zayo yonke into kusukela ekufundeni okuyisisekelo kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukwesekwa kwawo komphakathi nakho kusebenza kakhulu, kunikeza okokufundisa okuningi, amakesi ephrojekthi, nezisetshenziswa zesofthiwe ezenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuthi baqalise futhi benze ubuciko.

Yini engasenzela yona i-Raspberry PI?

I-Raspberry Pi iyikhompyutha encane elingana nekhadi lesikweletu, eklanywe futhi yathuthukiswa yi-Raspberry Pi Foundation yase-United Kingdom ukuze ithuthukise imfundo yekhompyutha, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni, ukuze abafundi bafunde ukuhlela kanye nolwazi lwekhompyutha ngokuzijwayeza ngezandla. . Naphezu kokuba ekuqaleni yabekwa njengethuluzi lokufundisa, i-Raspberry PI yanqoba ngokushesha abathandi bekhompiyutha, abathuthukisi, abathanda ukuzenzela kanye nabasunguli bomhlaba wonke ngenxa yezinga layo eliphezulu lokuguquguquka, intengo ephansi kanye nesethi yesici esinamandla.
I-Raspberry PI inikwa amandla uhlelo lokusebenza olusekelwe ku-Linux, kodwa futhi inamandla okusebenza Windows 10 I-IoT Core, inguqulo ye-Windows yamadivayisi ashumekiwe. Ine-CPU, i-GPU, i-RAM, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB, isixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi, okukhiphayo kwe-HDMI, njll., ingaphatha ividiyo, umsindo neminye imisebenzi yemidiya, kodwa futhi ingaxhuma izinzwa ezihlukahlukene nama-actuator, amaphrojekthi we-inthanethi Yezinto, ukukhiqizwa kwamarobhothi, imidiya. ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo, ukwakhiwa kweseva nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ngokuphindwaphindwa kwezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene (isb. I-Raspberry PI 1, 2, 3, 4, njll.), ukusebenza kwe-Raspberry PI kuye kwaqhubeka nokuba ngcono ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zayo yonke into kusukela ekufundeni okuyisisekelo kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukwesekwa kwawo komphakathi nakho kusebenza kakhulu, kunikeza okokufundisa okuningi, amakesi ephrojekthi, nezisetshenziswa zesofthiwe ezenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuthi baqalise futhi benze ubuciko.

Ungayithenga kuphi i-Raspberry PI?

Sisebenza nama-ejenti agunyaziwe we-Raspberry PI ukuze sinikeze uhla oluphelele lwemikhiqizo ye-Raspberry PI.

I-Raspberry Pi 4B

I-Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (I-Raspberry Pi 4 Model B) iyisizukulwane sesine somndeni we-Raspberry PI, i-microcomputer esebenza kahle kakhulu, ebiza kancane. Iza ne-1.5GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 CPU (Broadcom BCM2711 chip) ethuthukisa kakhulu amandla okucubungula nokusebenza kwemisebenzi eminingi. I-Raspberry PI 4B isekela kufika ku-8GB ye-LPDDR4 RAM, inembobo ye-USB 3.0 yokudlulisa idatha ngokushesha futhi, ngokokuqala ngqa, yethula isixhumi esibonakalayo samandla se-USB Type-C sokushaja namandla asheshayo.
Imodeli futhi inezici ezimbili ze-Micro HDMI interface ezingakhipha ngesikhathi esisodwa ividiyo yokucaca kwe-4K kumamonitha amabili, iyenze ibe ilungele izindawo zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle noma izikhungo zemultimedia. Ukuxhumana okungenantambo okuhlanganisiwe kuhlanganisa i-2.4/5GHz dual-band Wi-Fi kanye ne-Bluetooth 5.0/BLE, okuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi okuguquguqukayo nokuxhumana kwedivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Raspberry PI 4B igcina iphinikhodi ye-GPIO, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhume izinhlobonhlobo zezinzwa nama-actuator ukuze kuthuthukiswe okwandisiwe, okuyenza ilungele ukufunda ukuhlela, amaphrojekthi we-iot, amarobhothi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zokudala ze-DIY.

I-Raspberry Pi 5 iwuphawu lwakamuva emndenini we-Raspberry PI futhi imele okunye ukugxuma okukhulu phambili kubuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha yebhodi elilodwa. I-Raspberry PI 5 ifakwe iphrosesa ethuthukisiwe engu-64-bit quad-core Arm Cortex-A76 efinyelela ku-2.4GHz, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kokucubungula izikhathi ezingu-2-3 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Raspberry PI 4 ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga aphezulu ezidingo zekhompyutha.
Mayelana nokucutshungulwa kwezithombe, ine-chip yehluzo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engu-800MHz VideoCore VII, ethuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezithombe futhi isekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibukwayo eziyinkimbinkimbi nemidlalo. I-chip ye-South-bridge esanda kungezwa ithuthukisa ukuxhumana kwe-I/O futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke. I-Raspberry PI 5 futhi iza namachweba amabili we-1.5Gbps MIPI weziteshi ezine zamakhamera amabili noma izibonisi, kanye nechweba lesiteshi esisodwa se-PCIe 2.0 ukuze kufinyeleleke kalula kumapheripheral omkhawulokudonsa ophezulu.
Ukuze kube lula abasebenzisi, i-Raspberry PI 5 imaka ngokuqondile umthamo wememori ebhodini lomama, futhi yengeza inkinobho yamandla ephathekayo ukusekela inkinobho yokuchofoza kanye nemisebenzi yokulinda. Izotholakala ngezinguqulo ezingu-4GB nezingu-8GB ngo-$60 kanye no-$80, ngokulandelanayo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi iqale ukudayiswa ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2023. Ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, isethi yesici esithuthukisiwe, kanye nentengo esakwazi ukuthengeka, lo mkhiqizo unikeza okwengeziwe. inkundla enamandla yezemfundo, abathanda ukuzilibazisa, onjiniyela, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemboni.

I-Raspberry PI 5

I-Raspberry PI CM3

I-Raspberry PI Compute Module 3 (CM3) inguqulo ye-Raspberry PI eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni namasistimu ashumekiwe. Iwukuthuthukiswa kwe-CM1 futhi isebenzisa iphrosesa efanayo ne-Raspberry PI 3, i-Broadcom BCM2837, ku-1.2GHz, ethuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-CPU futhi cishe izikhathi ezingu-10 kune-CM1 yasekuqaleni. I-CM3 iza ne-1GB ye-RAM futhi inikeza izinketho zokulondoloza ezivumelana nezimo ezinguqulweni ezimbili: inguqulo evamile iza ne-4GB ye-eMMC flash, kuyilapho inguqulo ye-Lite isusa i-EMMC flash futhi inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo sokunwetshwa kwekhadi le-SD esikhundleni, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngendlela oyifisayo izixazululo zesitoreji njengoba okudingekayo.
Imojula eyinhloko ye-CM3 incane ngokwanele ukuthi ishumekwe ngokuqondile ebhodini lesifunda langokwezifiso, iyenze ilungele amaphrojekthi anesikhala noma adinga ukulungiselelwa okuqondile kwe-I/O. Iphinde isekele i-interfaces ehlukahlukene yejubane eliphezulu, okuhlanganisa i-GPIO, i-USB, i-MicroUSB, i-CSI, i-DSI, i-HDMI ne-Micro-SD, ngokulayisha abathwali abahlukene, ingakwazi ukwandisa kalula ukusebenza kwayo futhi ivumelane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, njengokulawula izimboni. , izimpawu zedijithali, amaphrojekthi we-iot nokuningi. I-CM3 igcina izici zokusebenza kwezindleko zochungechunge lwe-Raspberry PI kuyilapho ithuthukisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka ezindaweni zezimboni.

I-Raspberry PI Compute Module 4 (CM4) iyisizukulwane sesine somndeni we-Raspberry PI wamamojula ekhompyutha, alungiselelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezishumekiwe kanye nomklamo wezimboni. I-CM4 inikezela ngokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okubalulekile kanye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kunomanduleli wayo, i-CM3+. Ihlanganisa iphrosesa ye-Broadcom BCM2711 enamandla kakhulu, esebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-quad-core ARM Cortex-A72, iwashi ifike ku-1.5GHz futhi isekele ikhompuyutha engu-64-bit, ikhulise kakhulu isivinini sokucubungula namandla okwenza izinto eziningi.
I-CM4 itholakala ekucushweni okuhlukahlukene kwememori, kusukela ku-1GB kuya ku-8GB LPDDR4 RAM, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezahlukene. Mayelana nesitoreji, kokubili inguqulo evamile enesitoreji se-EMMC kanye nenguqulo ye-Lite enesitoreji esakhelwe noma ngaphandle kwayo kuyatholakala. Abasebenzisi bangakhetha isixazululo sesitoreji ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi. Le mojula futhi yethula isixhumi esibonakalayo se-PCIe esisekela isivinini se-Gen2x1, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukufinyelela kumadivayisi anweba ngesivinini esiphezulu njenge-SSDS, amakhadi enethiwekhi angenantambo (okuhlanganisa namamojula we-5G), noma amakhadi asheshiswa yi-GPU.
I-CM4 igcina idizayini eyimojula evumela ukuma ebhodini lenkampani yenethiwekhi ngezixhumi eziminyanisa kakhulu ukuze kunwetshwe i-interface ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa i-GPIO, i-USB (okuhlanganisa i-USB 3.0), i-Ethernet (Gigabit noma 2.5G), i-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth 5.0, i-DisplayPort , kanye ne-HDMI. Lezi zici ziyenza ibe inkundla ekahle yayo yonke into kusukela ku-iotria yezimboni, i-edge computing, izimpawu zedijithali kuya kumaphrojekthi ngokwezifiso asezingeni eliphezulu. Usayizi wayo ohlangene nokusebenza okunamandla, kuhlanganiswe nezinsiza ezicebile nokusekelwa komphakathi kwe-Raspberry PI ecosystem, kwenza i-CM4 ibe yisixazululo esikhethwa abathuthukisi nabakhiqizi.

I-Raspberry PI CM4

Ibhodi le-Raspberry PI CM4 IO

I-Raspberry PI Compute Module 4 IO Board iyibhodi elingemuva eliklanyelwe ngokukhethekile i-Compute Module 4 (CM4) ukuze linikeze ukuxhumana okudingekayo kwangaphandle namandla okunweba ukuze kuguqulwe imojula eyinhloko ye-CM4 ibe ibhodi lokuthuthukisa elinezici ezigcwele noma ihlanganise ngqo nomkhiqizo wokugcina. . Ibhodi ye-IO ixhunywe kumojula ye-CM4 ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esinomthamo omkhulu, okuveza amandla anamandla e-CM4

I-Raspberry PI Pico iyibhodi yokuthuthukisa i-microcontroller ebiza kancane, esebenza kahle kakhulu eyethulwe i-Raspberry PI Foundation ngo-2021 ukuze kugcwaliswe igebe emndenini we-Raspberry PI wama-microcontrollers. I-Pico isekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-chip ye-Raspberry PI ye-RP2040, ehlanganisa iphrosesa eyi-dual-core ARM Cortex-M0+ esebenza ngo-133MHz, no-264KB we-SRAM kanye no-2MB wememori ye-flash.

I-Raspberry PI pico series

I-Raspberry PI Sense HAT

I-Raspberry Pi Sense HAT iyibhodi yokwandisa esebenza ngezindlela eziningi eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile i-Raspberry Pi ukuze inikeze ukuqwashisa ngemvelo namandla okusebenzisana kwezemfundo, ukuhlola, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamaphrojekthi wokudala. I-Sense HAT inezici ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:
8x8 RGB LED matrix: Ingasetshenziswa ukubonisa umbhalo, ihluzo noma ukugqwayiza ukwengeza impendulo ebonakalayo kuphrojekthi.
Induku yokudlala yezindlela ezinhlanu: Induku yokudlala efana nephedi yegeyimu equkethe inkinobho ephakathi nendawo kanye nokhiye abane be-D abangasetshenziselwa ukulawula igeyimu noma njengedivayisi yokufaka yomsebenzisi.
Izinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi: I-gyroscope ehlanganisiwe, i-accelerometer, i-magnetometer (yokulandelela ukunyakaza nokuzulazula), kanye nezinzwa zokushisa, ukucindezela komoya kanye nomswakamo ukuqapha izimo zemvelo nokunyakaza komzimba.
Usekelo lwesofthiwe: Isikhulu sihlinzeka ngomtapo wezincwadi wesofthiwe ocebile osekela ukufinyelela kalula kuyo yonke imisebenzi yehadiwe kusetshenziswa izilimi ezinjengePython, okwenza ukufunda kwezinhlelo nokufunda idatha kube lula futhi kusheshe.
Amathuluzi ezemfundo: Avame ukusetshenziswa emfundweni ye-STEM (isayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela, nezibalo) ukusiza abafundi ukuthi bafunde ukuhlela, izimiso zefiziksi, nokuhlaziya idatha ngokufunda ngezandla.

I-Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W iyibhodi ye-microcomputer eyethulwe yi-Raspberry Pi Foundation njengenguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Raspberry PI Zero W, ekhishwe ngo-Okthoba 2021. Izici zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
Ukuthuthukiswa kwephrosesa: Ukuthuthukiswa ukusuka ku-single-core ARM11 ukuya kuphrosesa ye-quad-core Cortex-A53 (i-BCM2710A1 chip) kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwekhompyutha futhi kusebenza ngokushesha.
Kugcine kukuncane: Usayizi ohlangene wochungechunge lwe-Zero uyaqhubeka kumaphrojekthi ashumekiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomkhawulo wesikhala.
Ukuxhumana okungenantambo: Inethiwekhi yendawo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engenantambo (i-Wi-Fi) nemisebenzi ye-Bluetooth, efana no-Zero W, isekela ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi okungenantambo nokuxhumeka kumadivayisi angenawaya.
Ukusebenza Okuphezulu nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi: Hlanganisa ukusebenza okuphezulu nezici zamandla aphansi ze-Raspberry PI zamaphrojekthi eselula noma anamandla ebhethri.
Ukuvumelana kwe-GPIO: Igcina ukuhambisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-GPIO somndeni we-Raspberry PI sika-40 ukuze ufinyelele kalula kumabhodi okunweba nezinzwa.

I-Raspberry Pi Zero 2W

I-Raspberry Pi Zero W

I-Raspberry Pi Zero W ingelinye lamalungu ahlangene kakhulu futhi athengekayo omndeni we-Raspberry PI, ekhishwe ngo-2017. Inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Raspberry Pi Zero, futhi ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhono Angenazintambo, kuhlanganise ne-Wi-Fi. kanye ne-Bluetooth, yingakho igama elithi Zero W (W limelela Okungenantambo). Okulandelayo izici zayo eziyinhloko:
Usayizi: Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yosayizi wekhadi lesikweletu, iphatheka kakhulu kumaphrojekthi ashumekiwe kanye nezindawo ezinomkhawulo wesikhala.
Iphrosesa: Ifakwe BCM2835 single-core processor, 1GHz, ifakwe 512MB RAM.
Ukuxhumana okungenantambo: I-Wi-Fi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engu-802.11n kanye ne-Bluetooth 4.0 yenza kube lula inqubo yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi okungenantambo nokuxhumeka kwedivayisi ye-Bluetooth.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo: Imbobo encane ye-HDMI, imbobo ye-USB OTG encane (yokudlulisa idatha namandla), isixhumi esibonakalayo samandla e-micro-USB esinikezelwe, kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sekhamera ye-CSI kanye nekhanda le-GPIO lamaphini angu-40, ukusekelwa kwezandiso ezihlukahlukene.
Uhlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza: Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nezici eziphelele, kuvame ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi we-inthanethi Yezinto, izinto ezigqokwayo, amathuluzi okufundisa, amaseva amancane, ukulawula amarobhothi neminye imikhakha.

I-Raspberry Pi PoE+ HAT ibhodi lokunweba elakhelwe ngokuqondile i-Raspberry PI enikeza amandla nokudluliswa kwedatha ngekhebula ye-Ethernet, elandela izinga le-IEEE 802.11at PoE+. Izici ezibalulekile ze-PoE+ HAT zifaka:
Amandla ahlanganisiwe kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha: Ivumela i-Raspberry PI ukuthi ithole amandla ngekhebuli ye-Ethernet evamile kuyilapho ukuxhumana kwedatha okunesivinini esiphezulu kuqeda isidingo se-adaptha yamandla yangaphandle.
Ukusekelwa kwamandla aphezulu: Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PoE evamile, i-PoE+ HAT inganikeza amandla afika kwangu-25W ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuneko zamandla eziphakeme ze-Raspberry PI namapheripheral ayo.
Ukuhambisana: Idizayinelwe ukusebenza namamodeli athile omndeni we-Raspberry PI, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuhle ngokomzimba nogesi kanye nokufaka nokusetshenziswa kalula.
Ikhebula eyenziwe lula: Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukufakwa ezindaweni lapho ukufinyelela kwezindawo zikagesi kunzima khona noma lapho ufuna ukunciphisa ukufuhluza ngezintambo, njengamasistimu okuqapha abekwe ophahleni, izimpawu zedijithali noma izindawo zephrojekthi ye-IoT.
Idizayini yokushabalalisa ukushisa: Ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu engqondweni, i-PoE+ HAT ngokuvamile ihlanganisa isisombululo esisebenzayo sokulahla ukushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-Raspberry PI isengasebenza ngokuzinzile ngisho nalapho ithola okokufaka kwamandla aphezulu.