Nakuba le nkinga ingafanele ukusho nge-elekthronikhi endala emhlophe, kodwa kubangani be-microcontroller abaqalayo, baningi kakhulu abantu ababuza lo mbuzo. Njengoba ngisaqala, ngidinga futhi ukwethula kafushane ukuthi iyini i-relay.
I-relay iyiswishi, futhi le swishi ilawulwa ikhoyili engaphakathi kuyo. Uma ikhoyili inamandla, i-relay iyadonsa futhi inkinobho isebenze.
Abanye abantu bayabuza ukuthi yini ikhoyili? Bheka umfanekiso ongenhla, uphini 1 kanye nophini 2 amaphini amabili ekhoyili, uphini 3 nophini 5 asephelile, futhi uphini 3 nophini 2 awekho. Uma uxhuma u-pin 1 no-pin 2, uzozwa ukudluliselwa kuvaliwe, bese u-pin 3 no-pin 4 ecima.
Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukulawula ukuphuma kolayini, ungakwazi ukwephula ngamabomu ulayini, umkhawulo owodwa uxhunywe ezinyaweni ezi-3, umkhawulo owodwa uxhunywe ezinyaweni ezi-4, bese ngokunika amandla nokucisha ikhoyili. , ungakwazi ukulawula ukuphuma komugqa.
Ingakanani i-voltage esetshenziswa kuphinikhodi 1 kanye nophini 2 wekhoyili?
Le nkinga idinga ukubheka ingaphambili le-relay oyisebenzisayo, njengalena engiyisebenzisayo manje, ungabona ukuthi i-05VDC, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukunikeza i-5V ku-coil yale relay, futhi i-relay izodonsa.
Indlela yokwengeza i-coil voltage? Ekugcineni safika ephuzwini.
Ungasebenzisa izandla ezimbili ngqo ukubamba intambo ye-5V ne-GND ngqo kumaphini amabili ekhoyili edluliswayo, uzowuzwa umsindo.
Ngakho-ke simfaka kanjani amandla nge-microcontroller? Siyazi ukuthi iphinikhodi ye-microcomputer ye-chip eyodwa ingakhipha i-5V, ingabe ayixhumekile ngokuqondile nekhoyili yephinikhodi ye-microcomputer ye-chip eyodwa, kulungile?
Impendulo ayilona neze. Kungani kunjalo?
Kusengumthetho ka-Ohm.
Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala ukumelana kwekhoyili edluliswayo.
Isibonelo, ukumelana kwekhoyili yami edluliselwe cishe ku-71.7 ohms, enezela i-voltage engu-5V, okwamanje i-5 ihlukaniswe ngo-71.7 imayelana no-0.07A, okuyi-70mA. Khumbula, isilinganiso esiphezulu sephinikhodi evamile ye-chip microcomputer yethu yi-10mA yamanje, futhi umphumela omkhulu wephinikhodi enkulu yamanje ngu-20mA wamanje (lokhu kungabhekisela kumininingwane yedatha ye-chip microcomputer eyodwa).
Bheka, nakuba kuyi-5V, umthamo wamanje ophumayo ulinganiselwe, futhi awukwazi ukufinyelela okwamanje we-relay yokushayela, ngakho ayikwazi ukushayela ngokuqondile i-relay.
Kulapho-ke okumele uqonde khona okuthile. Isibonelo, sebenzisa idrayivu ye-triode S8050. Umdwebo wesifunda umi kanje.
Bheka imininingwane ye-S8050, i-S8050 iyishubhu le-NPN, inani eliphezulu elivumelekile le-ICE ngu-500mA, likhulu kakhulu kuno-70mA, ngakho-ke ayikho nhlobo inkinga nge-S8050 drive relay.
Uma ubheka isibalo esingenhla, i-ICE ingeyamanje egeleza isuka ku-C iye ku-E, okungamanje emugqeni onekhoyili edluliswayo. I-NPN triode, nansi i-switch, iphinikhodi ye-MCU ephumayo engu-5V izinga eliphezulu, i-ICE ku-relay izodonswa; Iphinikhodi ye-SCM ephumayo engu-0V izinga eliphansi, i-ICE inqanyuliwe, i-relay ayidwebi.
Ngendlela efanayo, i-valve ye-solenoid nayo ingumthwalo onokumelana okuncane namandla amakhulu, futhi kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha izingxenye ezifanele zokushayela ngokuhambisana nendlela yomthetho ka-Ohm engenhla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-12-2023
